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The Ice Cruise of the Baltic Fleet ((ロシア語:Ледовый поход Балтийского флота)) was an operation which transferred the ships of the Baltic Fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy from their bases at Tallinn (known as Reval ((ロシア語:Реваль)) or ((ドイツ語:Revel)) and Helsinki to Kronstadt in 1918. ==Operation== On 17 February 1918 Vladimir Lenin ordered the ships of the Baltic Fleet to leave their bases at Tallinn and sail to Helsinki.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the Soviet Navy )〕 On 19 February, due to a new German offensive, the Baltic Fleet ordered the further transfer of ships located in Helsinki to Kronstadt. On the same day ships started leaving Tallinn.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the Soviet Navy )〕 A general evacuation began on 22 February, with a group of four ships, led by the icebreaker ''Yermak'', departing for Helsinki.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the Soviet Navy )〕 They were followed on 24 February by a convoy of transport ships, accompanied by two submarines, three minesweepers and a minelayer.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the Soviet Navy )〕 By the time German troops entered Reval on 25 February, most of the Russian ships had already left, escorted by the icebreakers ''Yermak'', ''Tarmo'' and ''Volynets''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the Soviet Navy )〕 The operation, superintended by Alexey Schastny, succeeded in evacuating the bulk of the Baltic Fleet to Helsinki, where all of the ships had arrived by 5 March, with the exception of the submarine ''Edinorog'', which had been crushed by ice.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the Soviet Navy )〕 On 12 March, German forces captured Helsinki. Russian sailors scuttled four submarines in Hanko harbour on 3 April, just before the 10,000-strong German Baltic Sea Division landed in support of the White Guard. The submarines—''AG 11'', , ''AG 15'' and —were made by Electric Boat Co. in the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the Finnish Navy )〕 The German Army later returned all of the ships captured in Helsinki under the terms of the treaty of Brest-Litovsk.〔 All of the evacuated ships had reached Kronstadt or Petrograd by 22 March.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the Soviet Navy )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ice Cruise of the Baltic Fleet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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